Niger, officially the Republic of Niger, is a vast, landlocked country in West Africa, renowned for its expansive desert landscapes and cultural richness. Covering over 1.27 million square kilometers, Niger is the largest country in West Africa and the 22nd largest globally. The nation's terrain is dominated by the Sahara Desert, which covers about 80% of its land, while the Sahel region acts as a transitional zone to the south.

Niger is bordered by seven countries: Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria to the south, Benin and Burkina Faso to the southwest, Mali to the west, and Algeria to the northwest. This strategic location places Niger at the crossroads of various African cultures and trade routes, contributing to its diverse ethnic makeup, which includes the Hausa, Zarma-Songhai, Tuareg, Fulani, and Kanuri. French is the official language, while indigenous languages such as Hausa and Zarma are commonly spoken.

The capital city, Niamey, is the political, economic, and cultural center of Niger. The economy is heavily reliant on agriculture, with farming and livestock playing central roles in the livelihoods of its people. Niger is also known for its significant uranium reserves, which are crucial to its economy. However, the country faces challenges such as poverty, political instability, and security issues from militant groups in the Sahel.

Despite these difficulties, Niger's rich history—marked by ancient empires and trade routes—and its vibrant cultural traditions remain pivotal to its identity. The country continues to work towards sustainable development while preserving its unique heritage.